So!
It's possible to remove the door card with the door closed. However, I was lucky as I already moved the upper right interior colored two piece pin, as that would have probably been destroyed in the process. I did damage a few light blue clips, but i bought replacements from Honda already.
I had a piece of plastic that was a part of the locking mechanism break. Honda doesn't sell those little bits for replacement, so I bought a complete door locking mechanism. For the sake of others who may be experiencing the same issue, note that a Japanese-made and a UK-made CR-V in the 2nd generation have completely different door lock mechanisms as well as completely different door lock actuators. Honda can help if you provide your VIN at the parts department.
While I was at it, the factory seemed to overtorque the M6x32 screws used to keep the door lock in place, so I just bought three new replacement screws as those were very inexpensive. Now it's all put back together and buttoned-up, and I no longer look like I'm stealing my own car when I enter it!