In my layman understanding of the transmition I guess that the Elektromotor powers all wheels "all the time", except in Engine mode when the engine powers only front wheels.
Yes and no. There's a
video you can watch here that was made by Honda at least five years ago (the concept is ten years old). Here is a screen shot of the point in it that you ask about next:
While it may look to be simplified, it actually contains almost all of the details in the car's transaxle. And they still work the same way today. One addition is that your CR-V has two clutches, not the one shown here (the sideways "T" shapes in the bottom center) that connects to a second overdrive gear (the gray gear leading from the right side of the clutch) and then the countershaft (the light blue gear in the center-right).
The one true simplification is that the light blue gear which connects the countershaft to the one wheel shown, is a more complicated set of gears that connects it to the two front wheels in FWD, and all four wheels in AWD. The FWD or AWD system determines how to distribute power between the wheels. Unfortunately, I know less about this mechanical system than I do about the hybrid system that drives it.
The motor is powering the wheels all of the time in EV Drive and Hybrid Drive. Only the battery powers the motor in EV Drive. The engine-driven generator is added in for Hybrid Drive. But the battery can either add or subtract from that electricity, in order to keep the engine at the most efficient load possible. I'm going to call this function "buffering."
Engine Drive is a bit trickier. With the clutch closed, the generator is turned off (it still spins, but generates no electricity). But the motor is still connected, and performs the exact same buffering function. Most of the time, that will mean it is charging the battery, but it can also add small amounts of power. If large amounts are needed, the car changes to Hybrid Drive.
On this site I also found information on the brake recuperation system which is also very interesting.
But I could not find if the AWD model also has rear axle brake recuperation.
I think the 2WD can not recuperate from rear axle since its not conected.
Does anyone know if the AWD hybrid also recuperates energy from rear axle.
I don't drive the hybrid CR-V, so I can't say for sure. If the AWD system is "on" during regenerative braking, which is the exact reverse of EV Drive as shown in that picture, then it is included. That is, it works off of the spin of the countershaft (the light blue gears in the center-right), not the individual wheels. The same AWD or FWD system that distributes driven power to the wheels, will be able to combine the wheels' braking power that is sent to the motor (which is also a generator).
